Technical Papers
Sep 13, 2024

Prediction and Analysis of Subsurface Settlement in a Double-Line Shield Tunnel

Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 150, Issue 11

Abstract

The original stress equilibrium state of the soil is destroyed after the excavation of the double-line shield tunnel, resulting in the settlement of the stratum above the tunnel and bringing adverse effects on the surface buildings and subsurface pipelines near the tunnel. The reasonable prediction of subsurface settlement is significant for protecting adjacent underground structures. The wave propagation model is introduced to describe the settlement mechanism of the stratum above the tunnel based on random medium theory, and the subsurface settlement model of single-line tunnel is derived through the Fourier transform. The disturbance influence factor of double-line tunnel is defined, and the corresponding settlement model is established. The three-dimensional subsurface settlement models of single-line and double-line shield tunnels are proposed by introducing the surface displacement release rate of palm surface and maximum slope of surface vertical settlement. The models are verified using monitoring data, and the effects of the parameters on the model are analyzed.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M742980) and the Center for Balance Architecture of Zhejiang University (Grant Nos. K20223204 and K20223205). We would also like to thank the journal editors and reviewers for their valuable comments.

References

Addenbrooke, T. I., and D. M. Potts. 2001. “Twin tunnel interaction: Surface and subsurface effects.” Int. J. Geomech. 1 (2): 249–271. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1532-3641(2001)1:2(249).
Attewell, P. B., and J. P. Woodman. 1982. “Predicting the dynamics of ground settlement and its derivatives caused by tunnelling in soil.” Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr. 11: 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(83)90142-0.
Barla, G., and M. Ottoviani. 1974. “Stresses and displacements around two adjacent circular openings near to the ground surface.” In Proc., 3rd Int. Congress on Rock Mechanics, 975–980. Denver: National Academy of Sciences.
Bartlett, J. V., and B. L. Bubbers. 1970. “Surface movements caused by bored tunnelling.” In Proc., Conf. Subway Construction, 513–539. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Chakeri, H., R. Hasanpour, M. A. Hindistan, and B. Ünver. 2011. “Analysis of interaction between tunnels in soft ground by 3D numerical modeling.” Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ. 70 (Aug): 439–448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-010-0333-8.
Chapman, D. N., S. K. Ahn, and D. V. L. Hunt. 2007. “Investigating ground movements caused by the construction of multiple tunnels in soft ground using laboratory model tests.” Can. Geotech. J. 44 (6): 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1139/t07-018.
Chapman, D. N., S. K. Ahn, D. V. L. Hunt, and A. H. C. Chan. 2006. “The use of model tests to investigate the ground displacements associated with multiple tunnel construction in soil.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 21 (3–4): 413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2005.12.059.
Chen, R. P., J. Zhu, W. Liu, and X. W. Tang. 2011. “Ground movement induced by parallel EPB tunnels in silty soils.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 26 (1): 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2010.09.004.
Chen, S. L., S. C. Lee, and M. W. Gui. 2009. “Effects of rock pillar width on the excavation behavior of parallel tunnels.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 24 (2): 148–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2008.05.006.
Cooper, M. L., D. N. Chapman, C. D. F. Rogers, and A. H. C. Chan. 2002a. “Movements in the piccadilly line tunnels due to the Heathrow Express construction.” Géotechnique 52 (4): 243–257. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2002.52.4.243.
Cooper, M. L., D. N. Chapman, and D. F. Rogers. 2002b. “Prediction of settlement in existing tunnel caused by the second of twin tunnels.” Transp. Res. Rec. 1814 (1): 103–111. https://doi.org/10.3141/1814-12.
Deane, A. P., and R. H. Bassett. 1995. “The Heathrow Express trial tunnel.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Geotech. Eng. 113 (3): 144–156. https://doi.org/10.1680/igeng.1995.27810.
Divall, S., R. J. Goodey, and R. R. N. Taylor. 2012. “Ground movements generated by sequential twin-tunnelling in over-consolidated clay.” In Proc., Conf. Eurofuge. Palaiseau, France: École Polytechnique.
Fang, Y. S., C. T. Wu, S. F. Chen, and C. Liu. 2014. “An estimation of subsurface settlement due to shield tunneling.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 44 (Sep): 121–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2014.07.015.
Fargnoli, V., D. Boldini, and A. Amorosi. 2013. “TBM tunnelling-induced settlements in coarse-grained soils: The case of the new Milan underground line 5.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 38 (Sep): 336–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2013.07.015.
Hashimoto, T., J. Nagaya, and T. Konda. 1999. “Prediction of ground deformation due to shield excavation in clayey soils.” Soils Found. 39 (3): 53–61. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.39.3_53.
Islam, M. S., and M. Iskander. 2021. “Twin tunnelling induced ground settlements: A review.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 110 (Apr): 103614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103614.
Leca, E., and B. New. 2007. “Settlements induced by tunneling in soft ground.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 22 (2): 119–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2006.11.001.
Ledesma, A., and E. Romero. 1997. “Systematic back analysis in tunnel excavation problems as a monitoring technique.” In Proc., 14th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanical and Foundations Engineering, 1425–1428. Hamburg, Germany: International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering.
Lee, K. M., H. W. Ji, and C. K. Shen. 1999. “Ground response to the construction of Shanghai Metro tunnel-line 2.” Soils Found. 39 (3): 113–134. https://doi.org/10.3208/sandf.39.3_113.
Litwiniszyn, J. 1957. “The theories and model research of movements of ground masses.” In Proc., European Congress on Ground Movement, 206–209. Leeds, UK: Univ. of Leeds.
Lo, K. W., S. L. Lee, and H. Makino. 1987. “Tunnels in close proximity.” In Proc., Singapore Mass Rapid Transit Conf., 275–281. Singapore: National Library Board Singapore.
Mair, R. J., R. N. Taylor, and A. Bracegirdle. 1993. “Subsurface settlement profiles above tunnels in clays.” Géotechnique 43 (2): 315–320. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1993.43.2.315.
Ng, C. W. W., K. M. Lee, and D. K. Tang. 2004. “Three-dimensional numerical investigations of new Austrian tunnelling method (NATM) twin tunnel interactions.” Can. Geotech. J. 41 (3): 523–539. https://doi.org/10.1139/t04-008.
O’Reilly, M. P., and B. M. New. 1982. “Settlements above tunnels in the United Kingdom- their magnitude and prediction.” In Proc., Tunneling 82, 137−181. London: Institution of Mining and Metallurgy.
Osman, A., M. Bolton, and R. Mair. 2006. “Predicting 2D ground movements around tunnels in undrained clay.” Géotechnique 56 (9): 597–604. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2006.56.9.597.
Schmitter, J. M., P. D. Farjeat, and A. H. Canseco. 1981. “Soft-ground tunneling in Mexico City.” In Proc., 1981 Rapid Excavation and Tunneling Conf., 801–812. New York: Society of Mining Engineers of the American Institute of Mining.
She, F. T., Y. X. Wang, and Y. Zhang. 2015. “Surface longitudinal settlement induced by subway tunneling in loess and its prediction analysis method.” Rock Soil Mech. 36 (Jun): 287–292. https://doi.org/10.16285/j.rsm.2015.S1.049.
Suwansawat, S., and H. H. Einstein. 2007. “Describing settlement troughs over twin tunnels using a superposition technique.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 133 (4): 445–468. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2007)133:4(445).
Wei, G., and S. Y. Pang. 2014. “Study of three-dimensional soil deformation caused by double-line parallel shield tunnel construction.” Rock Soil Mech. 35 (9): 2562–2568. https://doi.org/10.16285/j.rsm.2014.09.024.
Yang, X. L., and J. M. Wang. 2011. “Ground movement prediction for tunnels using simplified procedure.” Tunnelling Underground Space Technol. 26 (3): 462–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2011.01.002.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 150Issue 11November 2024

History

Received: Dec 18, 2023
Accepted: Jun 26, 2024
Published online: Sep 13, 2024
Published in print: Nov 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Feb 13, 2025

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Sheng Shi, Ph.D. [email protected]
Postdoctoral Research Fellow, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China. Email: [email protected]
Project Lead, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6031-0014. Email: [email protected]
Ziwei Ge, Ph.D. [email protected]
Lecturer, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Univ. of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China. Email: [email protected]
Hongqiang Hu, Ph.D. [email protected]
Lecturer, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Univ. of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share