National Building Code of India and the International Building Code: An Introduction

Building codes have been the primary source for guidance in the design and construction of building structures for many decades. The use and application of building codes has been instrumental in safeguarding the health, safety, and welfare of the people. In this context, India has not been an exception. The publication of the first edition of the National Building Code of India (NBCI) in 1970 was a result of exhaustive research into the issues that most affect the Indian built landscape: lack of uniformity of the diverse regional policies, the need for development of a sound and updated building construction program in which 50% comprised new housing, and the need for developing new materials and construction techniques. Two major revisions were made that reflect the current state of building construction triggered by technological changes, increases in the population, and the concern for public safety, thus resulting in the current, 2005 edition. Likewise, the International Building Code (IBC), first published in the United States in 2000, also addresses similar concerns, making these two documents essential design and construction references in their respective countries. A sound knowledge and proper application of the building design and construction provisions in building codes and standards is essential while performing a forensic investigation. This paper reviews the organizational structure of both codes, and will present a comparative example using the Structural Design Provisions of both codes.