Scale Transition in Steel-Concrete Interaction. I: Model
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 129, Issue 4
Abstract
This paper deals with the analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with special emphasis on modeling of the interaction between concrete and reinforcement. A new mode for consideration of the response of the composite material at the member (structural) scale is proposed. It is obtained from extension of the fracture energy concept, originally developed for the simulation of cracking of plain concrete, to reinforced concrete. Hereby, the fracture energy related to the opening of primary cracks is increased in order to account for bond slip between steel and concrete. This increase is determined from the distribution of bond slip by means of a one-dimensional composite model introduced at the bar scale. The model consists of steel bars and the surrounding concrete. Between these two components, a nonlinear bond stress–bond slip relation is considered. The obtained results at the bar scale, such as the average crack spacing between adjacent cracks and the load-displacement response of the composite material, form the basis for determination of the increase of the fracture energy at the member scale. The performance of the proposed transition of the steel-concrete interaction from the bar scale to the member scale is assessed by means of reanalysis of experiments performed on RC bars. The application of the respective material model for reinforced concrete to real-life engineering structures is reported in Part II of this series.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Ben Romdhane, M., Rossi, R., and Ulm, F.-J. (1998). “Micro-mechanical analysis of the steel-concrete interface behaviour.” Computational Modelling of Concrete Structures, Proceedings of the EURO-C 1998 Conf., R. de Borst, N. Bićanić, H. Mang, and G. Meschke, eds., Badgastein, Austria, Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 731–740.
Comité Euro-International du Béton-Fédération International de la Précontrainte (CEB-FIP). (1990). Model code 1990, bulletin d’information. CEB, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Choi, C.-K., and Cheung, S.-H.(1996). “Tension stiffening model for planar reinforced concrete members.” Comput. Struct., 59(1), 179–190.
Ciampi, V., Eligehausen, R., Bertero, V., and Popov, E. (1981). “Analytical model for deformed bar bond under generalized excitations.” IABSE Colloquium on Advanced Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete, Delft, The Netherlands, 53–74.
Ciampi, V., Eligehausen, R., Bertero, V., and Popov, E. (1982). “Analytical model for concrete anchorages of reinforcing bars under generalized excitations.” Technical Rep. UCB/EERC-82/23, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Cox, J., and Herrmann, L.(1998). “Development of a plasticity bond model for steel reinforcement.” Mech. Cohesive-Frict. Mater., 3, 155–180.
Dilger, W. (1966). “Veränderlichkeit der Biege- und Schubsteifigkeit bei Stahlbetontragwerken und ihr Einfluß auf Schnittkraftverteilung und Traglast bei statisch unbestimmter Lagerung.” Deutscher Ausschuß für Stahlbeton, 179 (in German).
Eligehausen, R., Popov, E., and Bertero, V. (1983). “Local bond stress-slip relationships of deformed bars under generalized excitations.” Technical Rep. UCB/EERC-83/23, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Etse, G., and Willam, K.(1994). “Fracture energy formulation for inelastic behavior of plain concrete.” J. Eng. Mech., 120(9), 1983–2011.
Feenstra, P. (1993). “Computational aspects of biaxial stress in reinforced concrete.” PhD thesis, TU Delft, The Netherlands.
Feenstra, P., and De Borst, R.(1995). “Constitutive model for reinforced concrete.” J. Eng. Mech., 121(5), 587–595.
Floegl, H., and Mang, H.(1982). “Tension stiffening concept based on bond slip.” J. Struct. Eng., 108(12), 2681–2701.
Harajli, M., Hout, M., and Jalkh, W.(1995). “Local bond stress-slip behavior of reinforcing bars embedded in plain and fiber concrete.” ACI Mater. J., 92(4), 343–354.
Hillerborg, A., Modeer, M., and Petersson, P.(1976). “Analysis of crack formation and crack growth in concrete by means of fracture mechanics and finite elements.” Cem. Concr. Res., 6, 773–782.
Huemer, T., Lackner, R., and Mang, H. (1999). “Implementation and application of an algorithm for incremental adaptive finite element analysis of concrete plates.” Mechanics of quasi-brittle materials and structures, G. Pijaudier-Cabot, Z. Bittnar, and B. Gérard, eds., Hermes Science Publications, Prague, Czech Republic, 331–352.
Kollegger, J. (1988). “Ein Materialmodell für die Berechnung von Stahlbetonflächentragwerken.” PhD thesis, Gesamthochschule Kassel, Germany.
Kwak, H., and Filippou, F.(1995). “A new reinforcing steel model with bond slip.” Struct. Eng. Mech., 3(4), 299–312.
Lackner, R., and Mang, H. A.(2003). “Scale transition in steel-concrete interaction. II: Applications.” J. Eng. Mech., 129(4), 403–413.
Martin, H., and Noakowski, P.(1981). “Verbundverhalten von BetonStāhlen: Untersuchung auf der Grundlage von Ausziehversuchen.” Deutscher Ausschuß für Stahlbeton, 319, 100–175 (in German).
Meschke, G., Lackner, R., and Mang, H.(1998). “An anisotropic elastoplastic-damage model for plain concrete.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 42(4), 703–727.
Monti, G., and Spacone, E.(2000). “Reinforced concrete fiber beam element with bond-slip.” J. Struct. Eng., 126(6), 654–661.
Ngo, D., and Scordelis, A.(1967). “Finite element analysis of reinforced concrete beams.” J. Am. Concr. Inst., 64, 152–163.
Oliver, J.(1989). “A consistent characteristic length for smeared cracking models.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 28, 461–474.
Pivonka, P., Lackner, R., and Mang, H.(2001). “Material modelling of concrete subjected to multiaxial loading: Application to pull-out analyses.” Arch. Mech., 53(4–5), 487–499.
Rehm, G.(1961). “Über die Grundlagen des Verbundes zwischen Stahl und Beton.” Deutscher Ausschuß für Stahlbeton, 138 (in German).
Rostásy, F., Koch, R., and Leonhardt, F. (1976). “Zur Mindestbewehrung für Zwang von Außenwänden aus Stahlleichtbeton.” Deutscher Ausschuß für Stahlbeton, 267 (in German).
Vismann, U. (1995). “Zuverlässigkeitstheoretische Verifikation von Bemessungskriterien im Stahlbetonbau.” PhD thesis, Munich Univ. of Technology, Germany (in German).
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 129 • Issue 4 • April 2003
Pages: 393 - 402
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 17, 2001
Accepted: Jul 24, 2002
Published online: Mar 14, 2003
Published in print: Apr 2003
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.