Rehabilitation of the Barzava Uranium Mine Tailings
Publication: Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste
Volume 17, Issue 3
Abstract
Results are presented and discussed concerning the radiometric survey of the Barzava uranium mine tailings (Arad District, Romania), a sterile dump, before and after rehabilitation. Before rehabilitation, gamma dose rates in the air over the tailings varied between 200 and , at 3 cm and between 190 and at 1 m above the soil, dropping to at boundaries, close to multiannual background for Arad County. The rehabilitation consisted of terracing, followed by covering with 1.5 m of pebbles, sand, clay, and fresh, uncontaminated soil. After rehabilitation, the gamma dose rate was reduced to background all over the tailings, excepting some points where the cautionary threshold of was surpassed. Outside tailings, in sediments and in the waters of the Barzava stream, no signs of radioactive contamination were observed. Moreover, all estimations of dose rates from the experimental gamma spectra were in good agreement with the experimental ones within a limit of approximately 15%.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was done through the University of Bucharest Doctoral School Grant 16513/FIZ- ICA/56. We would like to thank Toro Laszlo for his permanent help in accomplishing this project and Mariana Marinescu for her help in revising the manuscript.
References
Aurelian, F., Georgescu, D., Pordea, I., and Iuhas, T. F. (2004). “Encapsulation techniques and systems for radioactive waste dump.” Proc., 1st Int. Conf., Advances in Mineral Resources, Management and Environmental Geotechnology, Z. Agiuotantis and K. Komitos, eds., Heliotopos Conferences, Athens, Greece, 419–424.
Beck, H. L., DeCampo, J., and Gogolak, C. (1972). “In situ Ge(Li) and NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometry.”, U.S. Dept. of Energy, Environmental Measurements Laboratory, New York.
Beck, H. L., and Planque, G. (1968). “The radiation field in air due to distributed gamma ray sources in ground.”, U.S. Dept. of Energy, Environmental Measurement’s Laboratory, New York.
Briesmeister, J. F. (1986). “MCNP—A general Monte Carlo code for neutron and photon transport.”, Revision 2, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM.
CERN. (1994). “Detector description and simulation tool.” Program Library Long Writeup W5013 GEANT3, Application Software Group, Geneva, Switzerland.
Chikasawa, K., Ishii, T., and Sugiyama, H. (2001). “Terrestrial gamma radiation in Koshi prefecture.” J. Health Sci., 47(4), 362–372.
Choi, J., and Park, J. W. (2005). “Competitive adsorption of heavy metals and uranium on soil constituents and microorganism.” Geosci. J., 9(1), 53–61.
Clouvas, A., Xanthos, S., Antonopoulos-Domis, M., and Silva, J. (1998). “Monte Carlo based method for conversion of in-situ gamma ray spectra obtained with a porb table Ge detector to an incident photon flux energy distribution.” Health Phys., 74(2), 216–230.
Curelea, D., Georgescu, D., Aurelian, F., and Popescu, C. (2006). “Environmental impact evaluation of uranifer waste dumps from mining exploration Brzava.” Uranium in the environment, B. J. Merkel and A. Hasche-Berger, eds., Springer, Heidelberg, Germany, 703–710.
Davies, J. C. (2002). Statistics and data analysis in geology, Wiley, New York.
Hagen, M. (2007). “The Wismut uranium mining rehabilitation project running for 15 years—Lessons learned and achievements.” Adv. Mater. Res., 20–21, 243–247.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2002). Monitoring and surveillance of residues from the mining and milling of uranium and thorium, Safety Reports Series 27, IAEA, Vienna, Austria.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2004). The long term stabilization of uranium mill tailings, IAEA, Vienna, Austria.
Ministry of the Environment and Forest. (2010). The Order nr. 1789/19.11.2010 of the approving the Regulation Regarding the Organization and Operation of the National Network of the Environmental Radioactivity Surveillance, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Bucharest, Romania.
Missana, T., Garca-Gutirrez, M., and Alonso, U. (2004). “Kinetics and irreversibility of cesium and uranium sorption onto bentonite colloids in a deep granitic environment.” Appl. Clay Sci., 26(1–4), 137–150.
NMR. (2002). “The norms of radiological security regarding the management of radioactive waste generated during the exploitation and preparation of uranium and thorium ore.” The Official Monitor of Romania, 867 bis 〈http://www.cncan.ro/assets/NMR/nmr02.pdf〉 (in Romanian).
Saito, K., and Jacob, P. (1995). “Gamma ray fields in the air due to sources in the ground.” Radiat. Prot. Dosim., 58(1), 29–45.
Taylor, G., Spain, A., Timms, G., Kuznetzov, V., and Bennett, J. (2003). “The medium-term performance of waste rock covers—Rum Jungle as a case study.” 6th Int. Conf. on Acid Rock Drainage—ICARD, T. Farrell and G. Taylor, eds., Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Australia, 383–397.
United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). (2000). “Sources and effects of ionizing radiation.” The UNSCEAR 2000 Rep. to the General Assembly, Vol. 1, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 22, 2012
Accepted: Nov 29, 2012
Published online: Dec 1, 2012
Published in print: Jul 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.